Academic Referencing Tool (ART)

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

"Apparent space and time vary in essentially the same manner when the spatial and temporal stimulus conditions are equivalent" (Day, 2006, p. 123).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Day (2006, p. 123) summarised the key facts on illusory phenomena as...

Reference list

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, x(x), pp-pp.

Day, R. (2006). Two principles of perception revealed by geometrical illusions. Australian Journal of Psychology, 58(3), 123-128.

Notes

• For a list of examples on how to write first citations and subsequent citations for works with multiple authors please go to the Style Notes - Authors section of this Referencing Tool..
   
• For information on how and when to include issue and page numbers and DOI details please go to the Style Notes - Formats section of this Referencing Tool.
  
   
• Further information can also be found in section 6.12 and table 6.12 in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

It was found that "egg-sized swellings were present" ("Localized hypertrophy", 1970, p. 337).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

These conditions are not rare ("Localized hypertrophy", 1970, p. 339).

Reference list

Title of article. (Year). Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp.

Localized hypertrophy of the semimembranosus muscle simulating popliteal cyst. (1970). Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 52, 337-339.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

Generally speaking "the overall size of the biometrics industry remains relatively small" (Woodward, 1997, p. 1482).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Woodward (1997) finds that studies are well funded (p. 1482).

Reference list

 

With doi

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Woodward, J. D. (1997). Biometrics: privacy's foe or privacy's friend? Proceedings of the IEEE, 85, 1480-1492. doi:10.1109/5.628723

Without doi

 

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Woodward, J. D. (1997). Biometrics: privacy's foe or privacy's friend? Proceedings of the IEEE, 85, 1480-1492. Retrieved from http://0-ieeexplore.ieee.org.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/Xplore/dynhome.jsp

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

This "avoids the presence of diverse peaks of the same protein" (Cueto-Rojasa, Pereza, Perez-Sancheza, Ocampo-Juareza, & Medina-Rivero, 2010, p. 1021).
 

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Cueto-Rojasa, Pereza, Perez-Sancheza, Ocampo-Juareza, and Medina-Rivero, (2010) report a potential benefit (p. 1023).

Reference list

With doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., & Author, E. E. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Cueto-Rojasa, H. F., Pereza, N. O., Perez-Sancheza, G., Ocampo-Juareza I., & Medina-Rivero, E. (2010). Interferon-a 2b quantification in inclusion bodies using Reversed Phase-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-UPLC). Journal of Chromatography B, 878, 1019-1023. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.02.016
 

Without doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., & Author, E. E. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Cueto-Rojasa, H. F., Pereza, N. O., Perez-Sancheza, G., Ocampo-Juareza I., & Medina-Rivero, E. (2010). Interferon-a 2b quantification in inclusion bodies using Reversed Phase-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-UPLC). Journal of Chromatography B, 878, 1019-1023. Retrieved from http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/science

Notes

• In-text citations -  you are required to use `and’ between the last two authors’ names
   
• Reference List - you are required to list all names with a comma between each and then an “&” between the last two authors.
   
• For detailed examples on how to write first citations and subsequent citations please go to Style Notes - Authors section of this Referencing Tool.
   
• For information on how and when to include issue and page numbers and DOI details please go to the Style Notes - Formats section of this Referencing Tool.
  
   
• For further information see page 184 in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

Parents smoking in their cars and in the family home “should be considered as intermediary factors in the pathway between parental and student smoking” (Glover et al., 2011)
 

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Glover et al. (2011) report a decrease in numbers ...
 

Reference list

With doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F. & Author, G. G. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Glover, M., Scragg, R., Min, S., Kira, A., Nosa, V., McCool, J., & Bullen, C. (2011) Driving kids to smoke? Children's reported exposure to smoke in cars and early smoking initiation. Addictive Behaviors, 36(11), 1027-1031. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.06.003

Without doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F. & Author, G. G. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 

Glover, M., Scragg, R., Min, S., Kira, A., Nosa, V., McCool, J., & Bullen, C. (2011) Driving kids to smoke? Children's reported exposure to smoke in cars and early smoking initiation. Addictive Behaviors, 36(11), 1027-1031. Retrieved from http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/science
 

Notes

• In-text citations -  For 6-7 authors you need to only write the surname of the first author followed by et al. (which means `and others').
   
• Reference List - you are required to list all names with a comma between each and then an “&” between the last two authors.
   
• For detailed examples on how to write first citations and subsequent citations please go to Style Notes - Authors section of this Referencing Tool.
   
• For information on how and when to include issue and page numbers and DOI details please go to the Style Notes - Formats section of this Referencing Tool.
  
   
• For further information see page 184 in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

Bakris et al., (2010) found this applied to "15 patients (4%) in the darusentan treatment" (p.828).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

It was suggested that the packaging made a difference (Bakris et al, 2010, p. 829).

Reference list

With doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., … Author, G. G. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Bakris, G. L., Lindholm, L. H., Black, H. R., Krum, H., Linas, S., Linseman, J. V., ... Weber, M., (2010). Divergent results using clinic and ambulatory blood pressures: Report of a Darusentan-resistant hypertension trial. Hypertension, 56, 824-830. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.156976

Without doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., … Author, G. G. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Bakris, G. L., Lindholm, L. H., Black, H. R., Krum, H., Linas, S., Linseman, J. V., ... Weber, M., (2010). Divergent results using clinic and ambulatory blood pressures: Report of a Darusentan-resistant hypertension trial. Hypertension, 56, 824-830. Retrieved from http://0-www.ovid.com.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/site/index.jsp

Notes

• In-text citations - write the first surname followed by et al. (which means `and others').
   
• Reference List - list the first six names of the authors, then 3 dots and then list the final authors name.
   
• For detailed examples on how to write first citations and subsequent citations please go to Style Notes - Authors section of this Referencing Tool.
   
• For information on how and when to include issue and page numbers and DOI details please go to the Style Notes - Formats section of this Referencing Tool.
   
• For further information go to  the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

She later "moved on to study at Radcliffe College" ("Award for distinguished", 2009, p. 642).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Leadership played a key role ("Award for distinguished", 2009, p. 643).

Reference list

With doi

Title of article. (Year). Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Award for distinguished scientific contributions: Alice H. Eagly. (2009). American Psychologist, 64, 642-658. doi:10.1037/a0017804

Without doi

Title of article. (Year). Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Award for distinguished scientific contributions: Alice H. Eagly. (2009). American Psychologist, 64, 642-658. Retrieved from http://0-www.ovid.com.alpha2.latrobe.edu.au/site/index.jsp

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

The program "is specifically focused on increasing the math and science content knowledge" (Merrill & Daugherty, 2010, p. 23).

Paraphrasing or summarising (use of page number/s encouraged)

Merrill and Daugherty (2010) find an increase in knowledge (p. 24).

Reference list

With doi

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Merrill, C., & Daugherty, J. (2010). STEM education and leadership: A mathematics and science partnership approach. Journal of Technology Education, 21(2), 21-34. doi:10.1109/5.628723

Without doi

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Merrill, C., & Daugherty, J. (2010). STEM education and leadership: A mathematics and science partnership approach. Journal of Technology Education, 21(2), 21-34. Retrieved from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/

Notes

• For information on how to cite articles with no identified author please go to  the Style Notes - Formats  section.

In text referencing

Direct quote (page number/s must be included)

A study found... (Milne, Potter, Vivanti, & Avenell, 2009, p. 6)

Reference list

With doi

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., & Author, D. D. (Year). Title of article [Systematic review]. Cochrane Library, (x). doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Milne, A. C., Potter, J., Vivanti, A., & Avenell, A. (2009). Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition [Systematic review]. Cochrane Library, (2). doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003288.pub3

Notes

Referencing a supplementary issue of a journal.

Include Suppl. after the issue number and also add the letter S in front of the page numbers. When the supplement edition has a different number from the issue number you include this and put the word Suppl. before the supplement number.

Example:

Vincent, J., & Gerlach, H. (2004). Fluid resuscitation in severe sepsis and septic shock: An evidence-based review. Critical Care Medicine, 32(11 Suppl.), S451-S454. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000142984.44321.A4